Christie-de Jong, Floor and Eberhardt, Judith and Ling, Jonathan and Kotzur, Marie and Oyeniyi, Olugbenga Samuel and Nnyanzi, Lawrence and Kabuye, John and Kalemba, Martin and Robb, Kathryn A. (2024) The PROCAN-B Study Protocol: Early diagnosis of PROstate CANcer for Black men - a community-centred participatory approach in Scotland and the North-East of England. PLoS ONE, 19 (12): e0315288. ISSN 1932-6203

Abstract

Background:
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in the UK and Black African-Caribbean men are twice as likely to develop prostate cancer as white men. These cancer inequalities need urgent tackling. Barriers to early diagnosis are complex and require complex solutions. Culturally-tailored, community-centred and participatory approaches show promise in tackling cancer inequalities. We aim to co-design a culturally appropriate intervention to tackle barriers to early diagnosis of prostate cancer for Black men in Scotland and the North-East of England using a community-centred participatory approach.

Methods:
The PROCAN-B study is a mixed methods study set in Scotland and the North-East of England. A Public Involvement and Community Engagement (PICE) group (n = 12), is involved at every step of the research. Drawing on principles of the Integrated Screening Action model (I-SAM), the study has 8 objectives: 1) to explore barriers to early diagnosis of prostate cancer among Black men (45+) through focus groups (n = 12); 2) to co-design a culturally acceptable peer-led intervention to tackle barriers to early diagnosis of prostate cancer in Black men; 3) to train members of the community as ‘peer-facilitators’ (n = 8); 4) to deliver the intervention in each location, facilitated by peer-facilitators, with a purposive sample (n = 20) of Black men (45+); 5) to qualitatively evaluate the intervention through focus groups; 6) to refine the intervention based on qualitative feedback; 7) to pilot the refined intervention with another purposive sample (n = 40) through a cross-sectional survey pre- and post-intervention; 8) to qualitatively evaluate the refined intervention through focus groups to further refine the intervention.

Discussion:
Community-centred and culturally tailored interventions have potential to be effective in addressing barriers to early diagnosis of prostate cancer, and thus ultimately reduce morbidity and mortality rates through earlier diagnosis in Black communities.

People
Christie-de Jong, Floor
Author

Christie-de Jong, Floor and Eberhardt, Judith and Ling, Jonathan and Kotzur, Marie and Oyeniyi, Olugbenga Samuel and Nnyanzi, Lawrence and Kabuye, John and Kalemba, Martin and Robb, Kathryn A. (2024) The PROCAN-B Study Protocol: Early diagnosis of PROstate CANcer for Black men - a community-centred participatory approach in Scotland and the North-East of England. PLoS ONE, 19 (12): e0315288. ISSN 1932-6203

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Eberhardt, Judith
Author

Christie-de Jong, Floor and Eberhardt, Judith and Ling, Jonathan and Kotzur, Marie and Oyeniyi, Olugbenga Samuel and Nnyanzi, Lawrence and Kabuye, John and Kalemba, Martin and Robb, Kathryn A. (2024) The PROCAN-B Study Protocol: Early diagnosis of PROstate CANcer for Black men - a community-centred participatory approach in Scotland and the North-East of England. PLoS ONE, 19 (12): e0315288. ISSN 1932-6203

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Ling, Jonathan
Author

Christie-de Jong, Floor and Eberhardt, Judith and Ling, Jonathan and Kotzur, Marie and Oyeniyi, Olugbenga Samuel and Nnyanzi, Lawrence and Kabuye, John and Kalemba, Martin and Robb, Kathryn A. (2024) The PROCAN-B Study Protocol: Early diagnosis of PROstate CANcer for Black men - a community-centred participatory approach in Scotland and the North-East of England. PLoS ONE, 19 (12): e0315288. ISSN 1932-6203

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Kotzur, Marie
Author

Christie-de Jong, Floor and Eberhardt, Judith and Ling, Jonathan and Kotzur, Marie and Oyeniyi, Olugbenga Samuel and Nnyanzi, Lawrence and Kabuye, John and Kalemba, Martin and Robb, Kathryn A. (2024) The PROCAN-B Study Protocol: Early diagnosis of PROstate CANcer for Black men - a community-centred participatory approach in Scotland and the North-East of England. PLoS ONE, 19 (12): e0315288. ISSN 1932-6203

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Oyeniyi, Olugbenga Samuel
Author

Christie-de Jong, Floor and Eberhardt, Judith and Ling, Jonathan and Kotzur, Marie and Oyeniyi, Olugbenga Samuel and Nnyanzi, Lawrence and Kabuye, John and Kalemba, Martin and Robb, Kathryn A. (2024) The PROCAN-B Study Protocol: Early diagnosis of PROstate CANcer for Black men - a community-centred participatory approach in Scotland and the North-East of England. PLoS ONE, 19 (12): e0315288. ISSN 1932-6203

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Nnyanzi, Lawrence
Author

Christie-de Jong, Floor and Eberhardt, Judith and Ling, Jonathan and Kotzur, Marie and Oyeniyi, Olugbenga Samuel and Nnyanzi, Lawrence and Kabuye, John and Kalemba, Martin and Robb, Kathryn A. (2024) The PROCAN-B Study Protocol: Early diagnosis of PROstate CANcer for Black men - a community-centred participatory approach in Scotland and the North-East of England. PLoS ONE, 19 (12): e0315288. ISSN 1932-6203

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Kabuye, John
Author

Christie-de Jong, Floor and Eberhardt, Judith and Ling, Jonathan and Kotzur, Marie and Oyeniyi, Olugbenga Samuel and Nnyanzi, Lawrence and Kabuye, John and Kalemba, Martin and Robb, Kathryn A. (2024) The PROCAN-B Study Protocol: Early diagnosis of PROstate CANcer for Black men - a community-centred participatory approach in Scotland and the North-East of England. PLoS ONE, 19 (12): e0315288. ISSN 1932-6203

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Kalemba, Martin
Author

Christie-de Jong, Floor and Eberhardt, Judith and Ling, Jonathan and Kotzur, Marie and Oyeniyi, Olugbenga Samuel and Nnyanzi, Lawrence and Kabuye, John and Kalemba, Martin and Robb, Kathryn A. (2024) The PROCAN-B Study Protocol: Early diagnosis of PROstate CANcer for Black men - a community-centred participatory approach in Scotland and the North-East of England. PLoS ONE, 19 (12): e0315288. ISSN 1932-6203

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Robb, Katie
Author

Christie-de Jong, Floor and Eberhardt, Judith and Ling, Jonathan and Kotzur, Marie and Oyeniyi, Olugbenga Samuel and Nnyanzi, Lawrence and Kabuye, John and Kalemba, Martin and Robb, Kathryn A. (2024) The PROCAN-B Study Protocol: Early diagnosis of PROstate CANcer for Black men - a community-centred participatory approach in Scotland and the North-East of England. PLoS ONE, 19 (12): e0315288. ISSN 1932-6203

Ward, Laura McKernan and Cooper, Sally-Ann and Sosenko, Filip and Morrison, David and Fleming, Michael and McCowan, Colin and Robb, Katie and Hanna, Catherine R. and Hughes-McCormack, Laura and Dunn, Kirsty and Conway, David and Henderson, Angela and Smith, Gill and Truesdale, Maria and Cairns, Deborah (2024) Population-based cancer incidence and mortality rates and ratios among adults with intellectual disabilities in Scotland: a retrospective cohort study with record linkage. BMJ Open, 14 (8): e084421. ISSN 2044-6055

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