Baz, Abdullah and Bakri, Ahmed and Butcher, Mark and Short, Bryn and Ghimire, Bhagirath and Gaur, Nishtha and Jenkins, Toby and Short, Robert D. and Riggio, Marcello and Williams, Craig and Ramage, Gordon and Brown, Jason L. (2023) Staphylococcus aureus strains exhibit heterogenous tolerance to direct cold atmospheric plasma therapy. Biofilm, 5: 100123. ISSN 2590-2075
AI Summary:
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has been shown to possess promising antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties. In this study, CAP was used to treat biofilm infections caused by Candida albicans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus.AI Topics:
The global clinical and socioeconomic impact of chronic wounds is substantial. The main difficulty that clinicians face during the treatment of chronic wounds is the risk of infection at the wound site. Infected wounds arise from an accumulation of microbial aggregates in the wound bed, leading to the formation of polymicrobial biofilms that can be largely resistant to antibiotic therapy. Therefore, it is essential for studies to identify novel therapeutics to alleviate biofilm infections. One innovative technique is the use of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) which has been shown to possess promising antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties. Here, different clinically relevant biofilm models will be treated with cold atmospheric plasma to assess its efficacy and killing effects. Biofilm viability was assessed using live dead qPCR, and morphological changes associated with CAP evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results indicated that CAP was effective against Candida albicans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, both as mono-species biofilms and when grown in a triadic model system. CAP also significantly reduced viability in the nosocomial pathogen, Candida auris. Staphylococcus aureus Newman exhibited a level of tolerance to CAP therapy, both when grown alone or in the triadic model when grown alongside C. albicans and P. aeruginosa. However, this degree of tolerance exhibited by S. aureus was strain dependent. At a microscopic level, biofilm treatment led to subtle changes in morphology in the susceptible biofilms, with evidence of cellular deflation and shrinkage. Taken together, these results indicate a promising application of direct CAP therapy in combatting wound and skin-related biofilm infections, although biofilm composition may affect the treatment efficacy.
Baz, Abdullah
Author
Baz, Abdullah and Bakri, Ahmed and Butcher, Mark and Short, Bryn and Ghimire, Bhagirath and Gaur, Nishtha and Jenkins, Toby and Short, Robert D. and Riggio, Marcello and Williams, Craig and Ramage, Gordon and Brown, Jason L. (2023) Staphylococcus aureus strains exhibit heterogenous tolerance to direct cold atmospheric plasma therapy. Biofilm, 5: 100123. ISSN 2590-2075
See full publications listBakri, Ahmed
Author
Baz, Abdullah and Bakri, Ahmed and Butcher, Mark and Short, Bryn and Ghimire, Bhagirath and Gaur, Nishtha and Jenkins, Toby and Short, Robert D. and Riggio, Marcello and Williams, Craig and Ramage, Gordon and Brown, Jason L. (2023) Staphylococcus aureus strains exhibit heterogenous tolerance to direct cold atmospheric plasma therapy. Biofilm, 5: 100123. ISSN 2590-2075
See full publications listButcher, Mark
Author
Baz, Abdullah and Bakri, Ahmed and Butcher, Mark and Short, Bryn and Ghimire, Bhagirath and Gaur, Nishtha and Jenkins, Toby and Short, Robert D. and Riggio, Marcello and Williams, Craig and Ramage, Gordon and Brown, Jason L. (2023) Staphylococcus aureus strains exhibit heterogenous tolerance to direct cold atmospheric plasma therapy. Biofilm, 5: 100123. ISSN 2590-2075
See full publications listShort, Bryn
Author
Allkja, Jontana and Bakri, Ahmed and Short, Bryn and Gilmour, Andrew and Brown, Jason L. and Bal, Abhijit M. and Newby, Kelly J.M. and Jenkins, Toby and Short, Rob D. and Williams, Craig and Ramage, Gordon (2025) Investigating the prevalence of fungi in diabetic ulcers: an under-recognised contributor to polymicrobial biofilms. APMIS: Journal of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, 133 (4): e70025. ISSN 0903-4641
Abduljalil, Hafsa and Alshanta, Om Alkhir and Chougule, Safa and Butcher, Mark and Short, Bryn and Mclean, William and Parry, Neil and O'Keeffe, Joanne and Ramage, Gordon (2025) Lactams exhibit potent antifungal activity against monospecies and multispecies interkingdom biofilms on a novel hydrogel skin model. APMIS: Journal of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, 133 (1): e13510. ISSN 0903-4641
Jatkowska, Aleksandra and Gkikas, Konstantinos and Nichols, Ben and Short, Bryn and Rizou, Vasiliki-Konstantina and Kapranos, Panagiotis and Klein Gunnewiek, Jennier and Christina, Edelyn and Svolos, Vaios and Quince, Christopher and Gerasimidis, Konstantinos (2024) Dose-dependent effects of enteral nutrition on the faecal microbiota and short chain fatty acids. Clinical Nutrition, 43 (5). pp. 1200-1207. ISSN 0261-5614
See full publications listGhimire, Bhagirath
Author
Baz, Abdullah and Bakri, Ahmed and Butcher, Mark and Short, Bryn and Ghimire, Bhagirath and Gaur, Nishtha and Jenkins, Toby and Short, Robert D. and Riggio, Marcello and Williams, Craig and Ramage, Gordon and Brown, Jason L. (2023) Staphylococcus aureus strains exhibit heterogenous tolerance to direct cold atmospheric plasma therapy. Biofilm, 5: 100123. ISSN 2590-2075
See full publications listGaur, Nishtha
Author
Baz, Abdullah and Bakri, Ahmed and Butcher, Mark and Short, Bryn and Ghimire, Bhagirath and Gaur, Nishtha and Jenkins, Toby and Short, Robert D. and Riggio, Marcello and Williams, Craig and Ramage, Gordon and Brown, Jason L. (2023) Staphylococcus aureus strains exhibit heterogenous tolerance to direct cold atmospheric plasma therapy. Biofilm, 5: 100123. ISSN 2590-2075
See full publications listJenkins, Toby
Author
Allkja, Jontana and Bakri, Ahmed and Short, Bryn and Gilmour, Andrew and Brown, Jason L. and Bal, Abhijit M. and Newby, Kelly J.M. and Jenkins, Toby and Short, Rob D. and Williams, Craig and Ramage, Gordon (2025) Investigating the prevalence of fungi in diabetic ulcers: an under-recognised contributor to polymicrobial biofilms. APMIS: Journal of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, 133 (4): e70025. ISSN 0903-4641
Baz, Abdullah and Bakri, Ahmed and Butcher, Mark and Short, Bryn and Ghimire, Bhagirath and Gaur, Nishtha and Jenkins, Toby and Short, Robert D. and Riggio, Marcello and Williams, Craig and Ramage, Gordon and Brown, Jason L. (2023) Staphylococcus aureus strains exhibit heterogenous tolerance to direct cold atmospheric plasma therapy. Biofilm, 5: 100123. ISSN 2590-2075
See full publications listShort, Robert D.
Author
Baz, Abdullah and Bakri, Ahmed and Butcher, Mark and Short, Bryn and Ghimire, Bhagirath and Gaur, Nishtha and Jenkins, Toby and Short, Robert D. and Riggio, Marcello and Williams, Craig and Ramage, Gordon and Brown, Jason L. (2023) Staphylococcus aureus strains exhibit heterogenous tolerance to direct cold atmospheric plasma therapy. Biofilm, 5: 100123. ISSN 2590-2075
See full publications listRiggio, Marcello
Author
Lappin, David Francis and Thomas, Sheeba and Bennett, David and Nile, Christopher and Riggio, Marcello Pasquale (2024) Elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in saliva of cats with feline odontoclastic resorptive lesion. Research in Veterinary Science, 166: 105092. ISSN 0034-5288
Baz, Abdullah and Bakri, Ahmed and Butcher, Mark and Short, Bryn and Ghimire, Bhagirath and Gaur, Nishtha and Jenkins, Toby and Short, Robert D. and Riggio, Marcello and Williams, Craig and Ramage, Gordon and Brown, Jason L. (2023) Staphylococcus aureus strains exhibit heterogenous tolerance to direct cold atmospheric plasma therapy. Biofilm, 5: 100123. ISSN 2590-2075
See full publications listWilliams, Craig
Author
Baz, Abdullah and Bakri, Ahmed and Butcher, Mark and Short, Bryn and Ghimire, Bhagirath and Gaur, Nishtha and Jenkins, Toby and Short, Robert D. and Riggio, Marcello and Williams, Craig and Ramage, Gordon and Brown, Jason L. (2023) Staphylococcus aureus strains exhibit heterogenous tolerance to direct cold atmospheric plasma therapy. Biofilm, 5: 100123. ISSN 2590-2075
See full publications listRamage, Gordon
Author
Allkja, Jontana and Bakri, Ahmed and Short, Bryn and Gilmour, Andrew and Brown, Jason L. and Bal, Abhijit M. and Newby, Kelly J.M. and Jenkins, Toby and Short, Rob D. and Williams, Craig and Ramage, Gordon (2025) Investigating the prevalence of fungi in diabetic ulcers: an under-recognised contributor to polymicrobial biofilms. APMIS: Journal of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, 133 (4): e70025. ISSN 0903-4641
Ware, Alicia and Johnston, William and Delaney, Christopher and Butcher, Mark C. and Ramage, Gordon and Price, Lesley and Butcher, John and Kean, Ryan (2025) Dry surface biofilm formation by Candida auris facilitates persistence and tolerance to sodium hypochlorite. APMIS: Journal of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, 133 (4): e70022. ISSN 0903-4641
Abduljalil, Hafsa and Alshanta, Om Alkhir and Chougule, Safa and Butcher, Mark and Short, Bryn and Mclean, William and Parry, Neil and O'Keeffe, Joanne and Ramage, Gordon (2025) Lactams exhibit potent antifungal activity against monospecies and multispecies interkingdom biofilms on a novel hydrogel skin model. APMIS: Journal of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, 133 (1): e13510. ISSN 0903-4641
See full publications listBrown, Jason Lee
Author
Allkja, Jontana and Bakri, Ahmed and Short, Bryn and Gilmour, Andrew and Brown, Jason L. and Bal, Abhijit M. and Newby, Kelly J.M. and Jenkins, Toby and Short, Rob D. and Williams, Craig and Ramage, Gordon (2025) Investigating the prevalence of fungi in diabetic ulcers: an under-recognised contributor to polymicrobial biofilms. APMIS: Journal of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, 133 (4): e70025. ISSN 0903-4641
Alshehri, Muhanna and Alqahtani, Saeed and Murali, Pranitha and Delaney, Christopher and Johnston, William and Brown, Jason L. (2025) Organotypic tissue model systems for investigating host-pathogen interactions in vitro. Journal of Visualized Experiments, 28 (217): e67487. ISSN 1940-087X
Baz, Abdullah and Bakri, Ahmed and Butcher, Mark and Short, Bryn and Ghimire, Bhagirath and Gaur, Nishtha and Jenkins, Toby and Short, Robert D. and Riggio, Marcello and Williams, Craig and Ramage, Gordon and Brown, Jason L. (2023) Staphylococcus aureus strains exhibit heterogenous tolerance to direct cold atmospheric plasma therapy. Biofilm, 5: 100123. ISSN 2590-2075
See full publications listAvailable under License Creative Commons Attribution.
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