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Almutairi, Budur and Conway, D. and Ross, Alastair and Hattan, Mohammed and Almogren, Fayyad and McMahon, Alex (2024) Toothbrushing program in Saudi Arabia “TOPS”: A study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial in kindergartens, Riyadh. BMJ Open, 14 (8): e083504. ISSN 2044-6055

AI Summary:

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a supervised toothbrushing programme in kindergartens. The primary endpoint will be the worsening of obvious decay experience as measured by decayed into dentine, missing and filled teeth d3mft from baseline to the second year of follow-up.

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Abstract

Introduction:
Dental caries among children is a major global health problem and is a particular public health challenge in Saudi Arabia. Dental caries cause pain, infection and negatively impact quality of life. As part of population oral health improvement efforts in Saudi Arabia, this project aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a supervised toothbrushing programme in kindergartens.

Methods and analysis:
This study is a cluster randomised controlled trial. Enrolment began in September 2022, for two academic years (2022–2024) on 20 randomly selected kindergartens in Riyadh. The data collection phase will be completed in September 2024. Ten kindergartens are randomly allocated to supervised toothbrushing and 10 to treatment as usual, which is an annual oral health awareness visit. The primary endpoint will be the worsening of obvious decay experience as measured by decayed (into dentine), missing and filled teeth (d3mft) from baseline to the second year of follow-up. The secondary endpoint will be the increase in the number of teeth affected. A priori subgroups of the region of Riyadh, school type (public, private), child sex and presence/absence of prior decay at baseline, will be analysed. We require 244 evaluable endpoints using a power of 80% to meet the sample size requirement. In addition, questionnaires on behaviours, quality of life, process monitoring and cost analysis are being deployed.

People

Almutairi, Budur Shabab N

Author

Publications

Almutairi, Budur Shabab N and Conway, D. and Ross, Alastair and Hattan, Mohammed and Almogren, Fayyad and McMahon, Alex D. (2024) Toothbrushing programme in Saudi Arabia 'TOPS': a study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial in kindergartens, Riyadh. BMJ Open, 14 (8): e083504. ISSN 2044-6055

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Conway, D.

Author

Publications

Serban, Stefan and Conway, David (2025) Sugar tax impact on oral health and the need to go further upstream. British Dental Journal, 238 (8). pp. 642-643. ISSN 0007-0610

Warner, Frances and Sherriff, Andrea and Culshaw, Shauna and Holliday, Richard and Ryan, Vicky and Conway, David I. (2024) Trends and socioeconomic inequalities in the dental attendance of adult smokers in Scotland from 2009 to 2019, a repeated cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 24 (1): 2156. ISSN 1471-2458

Smith, Craig D.L. and McMahon, Alex D. and Purkayastha, Mitana and Creaney, Grant and Clements, Kelten and Inman, Gareth J. and Bhatti, Lesley A. and Douglas, Catriona M. and Paterson, Claire and Conway, David I. (2024) Head and neck cancer incidence is rising but the sociodemographic profile is unchanging: a population epidemiological study (2001-2020). BJC Reports, 2: 71. ISSN 2731-9377

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Ross, Alastair

Author

Publications

Smith, Craig D.L. and McMahon, Alex D. and Lyall, Donald M. and Goulart, Mariel and Inman, Gareth and Ross, Al and Gormley, Mark and Dudding, Tom and Macfarlane, Gary J. and Robinson, Max and Richiardi, Lorenzo and Serraino, Diego and Polesel, Jerry and Canova, Cristina and Ahrens, Wolfgang and Healy, Claire M. and Lagiou, Pagona and Holcatova, Ivana and Alemany, Laia and Znoar, Ariana and Waterboer, Tim and Brennan, Paul and Virani, Shama and Conway, David I. (2024) Development and external validation of a head and neck cancer risk prediction model. Head and Neck, 46 (9). pp. 2261-2273. ISSN 1043-3074