Elyan, Benjamin M.P. and Tan, Beatrix and Lambourg, Emilie and McAllister, David A. and Jones, Rob J. and Lang, Ninian N. and Mark, Patrick B. and Lees, Jennifer S. and Bell, Samira (2025) Incidence of cancer in people with CKD not requiring kidney replacement therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Kidney Journal, 18 (5): sfaf084. ISSN 2048-8505
AI Summary:
Individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have an elevated incidence of cancer, with increasing age contributing to this association.AI Topics:
Background:
Cancer incidence in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who do not require kidney replacement therapy remains inadequately characterised. This systematic review aimed to establish if there is an elevated incidence of cancer in people with CKD.
Methods:
A systematic search of three online bibliographic databases until January 17, 2023, identified studies reporting cancer incidence in CKD cohorts (PROSPERO CRD42022359690). Meta-analyses using inverse variance method compared incidence rates in individuals with low eGFR (<60 mL/min/1.73m2) with available cohorts with normal eGFR (≥60 mL/min/1.73m2 or both 60–89 and ≥ 90 mL/min/1.73m2) for all cancers and site-specific cancers. Multiple meta-regression analyses explored associations of eGFR and age.
Results:
In 27 studies (5 519 778 people with CKD), from 10 countries spanning 2009–2022, incidence rates of cancer were associated with worse CKD severity. Incidence rate ratio (IRR) comparing people with an eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73m2 to ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73m2 was 1.35 [95% CI:1.12–1.63, P = 0.002, I2 = 99.9%]. People with eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73m2 were at elevated rate of cancer compared with eGFR ≥ 90 mL/min/1.73m2 (IRR 1.48 [95% CI:1.04–2.10, P = 0.03, I2 = 100%]) and those with eGFR 60–89 mL/min/1.73m2 (IRR 1.21 [95% CI:1.11–1.33, P < 0.01, I2 = 92%]). Age was associated with increased cancer incidence (β=0.31, P = 0.02) on multiple meta-regression analysis. There was no association between site-specific cancer incidence in CKD patients, but these had wide confidence intervals.
Conclusion:
Individuals with CKD have an elevated incidence of cancer, with increasing age contributing to this association. These findings emphasise the importance of investigating whether CKD independently elevates cancer risk, building evidence for tailored cancer screening into CKD patient care.
Elyan, Benjamin
Author
Elyan, Benjamin M.P. and Tan, Beatrix and Lambourg, Emilie and McAllister, David A. and Jones, Rob J. and Lang, Ninian N. and Mark, Patrick B. and Lees, Jennifer S. and Bell, Samira (2025) Incidence of cancer in people with CKD not requiring kidney replacement therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Kidney Journal, 18 (5): sfaf084. ISSN 2048-8505
Elyan, Benjamin M.P. and Sullivan, Michael K. and Hedley, James and De La Mata, Nicole and Webster, Angela C. and Venugopal, Balaji and Jones, Rob J. and Lang, Ninian N. and Mark, Patrick B. and Lees, Jennifer S. (2024) The impact of VEGF signalling pathway inhibitors and/or immune checkpoint inhibitors on kidney function over time: a single centre retrospective analysis. BJC Reports, 2: 57. ISSN 2731-9377
Rankin, Stephen and Elyan, Benjamin and Jones, Robert and Venugopal, Balaji and Mark, Patrick B. and Lees, Jennifer S. and Petrie, Mark C. and Lang, Ninian N. (2024) Cardiovascular eligibility criteria and adverse event reporting in combined immune checkpoint and VEGF inhibitors trials. JACC: CardioOncology, 6 (2). pp. 267-279. ISSN 2666-0873
See full publications listTan, Beatrix
Author
Elyan, Benjamin M.P. and Tan, Beatrix and Lambourg, Emilie and McAllister, David A. and Jones, Rob J. and Lang, Ninian N. and Mark, Patrick B. and Lees, Jennifer S. and Bell, Samira (2025) Incidence of cancer in people with CKD not requiring kidney replacement therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Kidney Journal, 18 (5): sfaf084. ISSN 2048-8505
See full publications listLambourg, Emilie
Author
Elyan, Benjamin M.P. and Tan, Beatrix and Lambourg, Emilie and McAllister, David A. and Jones, Rob J. and Lang, Ninian N. and Mark, Patrick B. and Lees, Jennifer S. and Bell, Samira (2025) Incidence of cancer in people with CKD not requiring kidney replacement therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Kidney Journal, 18 (5): sfaf084. ISSN 2048-8505
See full publications listMcAllister, David A.
Author
Elyan, Benjamin M.P. and Tan, Beatrix and Lambourg, Emilie and McAllister, David A. and Jones, Rob J. and Lang, Ninian N. and Mark, Patrick B. and Lees, Jennifer S. and Bell, Samira (2025) Incidence of cancer in people with CKD not requiring kidney replacement therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Kidney Journal, 18 (5): sfaf084. ISSN 2048-8505
Hanlon, Peter and Butterly, Elaine and Wei, Lili and Wightman, Heather and Almazam, Saleh Ali M. and Alsallumi, Khalid and Crowther, Jamie and McChrystal, Ryan and Rennison, Heidi and Hughes, Katherine and Lewsey, Jim and Lindsay, Robert and McGurnaghan, Stuart and Petrie, John and Tomlinson, Laurie A. and Wild, Sarah and Adler, Amanda and Sattar, Naveed and Phillippo, David M. and Dias, Sofia and Welton, Nicky J. and McAllister, David A. (2025) Age and sex differences in efficacy of treatments for type 2 diabetes: a network meta-analysis. JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association, 333 (12). pp. 1062-1073. ISSN 0098-7484
See full publications listJones, Robert
Author
Elyan, Benjamin M.P. and Tan, Beatrix and Lambourg, Emilie and McAllister, David A. and Jones, Rob J. and Lang, Ninian N. and Mark, Patrick B. and Lees, Jennifer S. and Bell, Samira (2025) Incidence of cancer in people with CKD not requiring kidney replacement therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Kidney Journal, 18 (5): sfaf084. ISSN 2048-8505
Elyan, Benjamin M.P. and Sullivan, Michael K. and Hedley, James and De La Mata, Nicole and Webster, Angela C. and Venugopal, Balaji and Jones, Rob J. and Lang, Ninian N. and Mark, Patrick B. and Lees, Jennifer S. (2024) The impact of VEGF signalling pathway inhibitors and/or immune checkpoint inhibitors on kidney function over time: a single centre retrospective analysis. BJC Reports, 2: 57. ISSN 2731-9377
Rescigno, Pasquale and Porta, Nuria and Finneran, Laura and Riisnaes, Ruth and Figueiredo, Ines and Carreira, Suzanne and Flohr, Penny and Miranda, Susana and Bertan, Claudia and Ferreira, Ana and Crespo, Mateus and Rodrigues, Daniel Nava and Gurel, Bora and Nobes, Jenny and Crabb, Simon and Malik, Zafar and Ralph, Christy and McGovern, Ursula and Hoskin, Peter and Jones, Robert J. and Birtle, Alison and Gale, Joanna and Sankey, Peter and Jain, Suneil and McLaren, Duncan and Chadwick, Eliot and Espinasse, Aude and Hall, Emma and de Bono, Johann (2024) Capivasertib in combination with enzalutamide for metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer after docetaxel and abiraterone: Results from the randomized phase II RE-AKT trial. European Journal of Cancer, 205: 114103. ISSN 0959-8049
See full publications listLang, Ninian N.
Author
Elyan, Benjamin M.P. and Tan, Beatrix and Lambourg, Emilie and McAllister, David A. and Jones, Rob J. and Lang, Ninian N. and Mark, Patrick B. and Lees, Jennifer S. and Bell, Samira (2025) Incidence of cancer in people with CKD not requiring kidney replacement therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Kidney Journal, 18 (5): sfaf084. ISSN 2048-8505
Elbassioni, Ali Ali Mohamed and Raheem, Anmar A. and Song, Jian and Johnston, Alexander S. and Trivett, Cara and Lin, Hong and Zhang, Haobo and Bradley, Ashley and Higgins, Erin and Mooney, Leanne and Koay, Yen Chin and O'Toole, Dylan and Herzyk, Pawel and Nixon, Colin and Blyth, Karen and O'Sullivan, John F. and Lang, Ninian N. and Berry, Colin and Braun, Thomas and Schiattarella, Gabriele G. and Giacca, Mauro and McBride, Martin W. and Nicklin, Stuart A. and Cameron, Ewan R. and Loughrey, Christopher M. and MacDonald, Eilidh A. (2025) Targeting Runx1 protects against heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. bioRxiv.
Rankin, Stephen and Fountain, Caitlin and Gemmell, Alastair J. and Quinn, Daire and Henderson, Alasdair and McClure, John and Small, Sandy and Venugopal, Balaji and McKay, Pamela and Slomka, Piotr J. and Colville, David and Petrie, Mark C. and Meléndez, Giselle C. and Lang, Ninian N. (2025) Arterial effects of anthracycline: structural and inflammatory assessments in non-human primates and lymphoma patients. Clinical Science, 139 (1). pp. 29-41. ISSN 0143-5221
See full publications listMark, Patrick B.
Author
Elyan, Benjamin M.P. and Tan, Beatrix and Lambourg, Emilie and McAllister, David A. and Jones, Rob J. and Lang, Ninian N. and Mark, Patrick B. and Lees, Jennifer S. and Bell, Samira (2025) Incidence of cancer in people with CKD not requiring kidney replacement therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Kidney Journal, 18 (5): sfaf084. ISSN 2048-8505
Elyan, Benjamin M.P. and Sullivan, Michael K. and Hedley, James and De La Mata, Nicole and Webster, Angela C. and Venugopal, Balaji and Jones, Rob J. and Lang, Ninian N. and Mark, Patrick B. and Lees, Jennifer S. (2024) The impact of VEGF signalling pathway inhibitors and/or immune checkpoint inhibitors on kidney function over time: a single centre retrospective analysis. BJC Reports, 2: 57. ISSN 2731-9377
Rankin, Stephen and Elyan, Benjamin and Jones, Robert and Venugopal, Balaji and Mark, Patrick B. and Lees, Jennifer S. and Petrie, Mark C. and Lang, Ninian N. (2024) Cardiovascular eligibility criteria and adverse event reporting in combined immune checkpoint and VEGF inhibitors trials. JACC: CardioOncology, 6 (2). pp. 267-279. ISSN 2666-0873
See full publications listLees, Jennifer S.
Author
Elyan, Benjamin M.P. and Tan, Beatrix and Lambourg, Emilie and McAllister, David A. and Jones, Rob J. and Lang, Ninian N. and Mark, Patrick B. and Lees, Jennifer S. and Bell, Samira (2025) Incidence of cancer in people with CKD not requiring kidney replacement therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Kidney Journal, 18 (5): sfaf084. ISSN 2048-8505
Elyan, Benjamin M.P. and Sullivan, Michael K. and Hedley, James and De La Mata, Nicole and Webster, Angela C. and Venugopal, Balaji and Jones, Rob J. and Lang, Ninian N. and Mark, Patrick B. and Lees, Jennifer S. (2024) The impact of VEGF signalling pathway inhibitors and/or immune checkpoint inhibitors on kidney function over time: a single centre retrospective analysis. BJC Reports, 2: 57. ISSN 2731-9377
Rankin, Stephen and Elyan, Benjamin and Jones, Robert and Venugopal, Balaji and Mark, Patrick B. and Lees, Jennifer S. and Petrie, Mark C. and Lang, Ninian N. (2024) Cardiovascular eligibility criteria and adverse event reporting in combined immune checkpoint and VEGF inhibitors trials. JACC: CardioOncology, 6 (2). pp. 267-279. ISSN 2666-0873
See full publications listBell, Samira
Author
Elyan, Benjamin M.P. and Tan, Beatrix and Lambourg, Emilie and McAllister, David A. and Jones, Rob J. and Lang, Ninian N. and Mark, Patrick B. and Lees, Jennifer S. and Bell, Samira (2025) Incidence of cancer in people with CKD not requiring kidney replacement therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Kidney Journal, 18 (5): sfaf084. ISSN 2048-8505
See full publications listAvailable under License Creative Commons Attribution.
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